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Codeine is a prescription medication classified as an opioid analgesic. It is derived from the opium poppy plant and is used primarily for the relief of mild to moderate pain, as well as for the treatment of cough. Codeine works by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, altering the perception of pain and reducing the cough reflex.

Codeine is available in various forms, including tablets, capsules, and syrups. It is often combined with other medications, such as acetaminophen (paracetamol) or ibuprofen, to enhance its analgesic effects.

It is important to note that codeine is a controlled substance due to its potential for misuse, dependence, and addiction. It can cause sedation, drowsiness, and respiratory depression, especially when taken in high doses or combined with other substances that depress the central nervous system, such as alcohol or benzodiazepines.

Codeine should only be used as prescribed by a healthcare professional, and the dosage and duration of treatment should be followed strictly. It is crucial to discuss any concerns or questions with your healthcare provider, especially if you have a history of substance abuse, respiratory conditions, or liver or kidney problems.

Additionally, codeine should not be given to children under 12 years old, as they may be at an increased risk of experiencing respiratory depression. Furthermore, codeine metabolism can vary between individuals, and some individuals may have a genetic variation that can lead to excessive drug metabolism, resulting in little or no pain relief or potentially dangerous levels of the active drug.

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